Hydrogen Ontology

Represents a collection of people organized together into a community or other social, commercial or political structure. The group has some common purpose or reason for existence which goes beyond the set of people belonging to it and can act as an agent. Organizations are often decomposable into hierarchical structures.

An organization which is recognized in the world at large, in particular in legal jurisdictions, with associated rights and responsibilities. Examples include a corporation, charity, government or church.

• Inspired by the usage of the Registered Organization Vocabulary in the euBusinessGraph Ontology including links to The Organization Ontology.

• A registered company or other group of people that work together in a certain economic field with the purpose to compete in a certain market. The economic field of activity is defined by statistical standardization numbers such as primarily EC NACE 2, ISIC and SIC.

An organization who participates in the activity of providing electric power, natural gas, steam, hot water and the like through a permanent infrastructure (network) of lines, mains and pipes. The dimension of the network is not decisive; also included is the distribution of electricity, gas, steam, hot water and the like in industrial parks or residential buildings according to Section D of EC NACE Rev. 2.

An organization classified in activities of international organisations such as the United Nations and the specialised agencies of the United Nations system, regional bodies etc., the International Monetary Fund, the World Bank, the World Customs Organisation, the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, the organisation of Petroleum Exporting Countries, the European Communities, the European Free Trade Association etc. according to Section U of EC NACE Rev. 2.

This class also includes: - activities of diplomatic and consular missions when being determined by the country of their location rather than by the country they represent

• IMF

• IPCC

• UNECE

• United Nations

An organization classified in the field of manufacturing according to EC NACE 2 (2008) in Section C Division 10-33.

• Arboc

• Arboc Speciality Vehicles

• Hyzon Motors Inc.

• MCI

• Motor Coach Industries

• Plaxton

• Plug Power Inc.

• Rivian Automotive Inc.

• Subaru Corp.

• Toyota Motor Corp.

An organization classified in the field of public administration and defense according to EC NACE 2 (2008) in Section O Division 84.

• DARPA

• Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency

An organization classified in the field of scientific and technical activities according to EC NACE 2 (2008) in Section M Division 69-75.

• MARii

• Malaysia Automotive Robotics and IoT Institute

• PNNL

• Pacific Northwest National Laboratory

• The European Interoperability Centre for Electric Vehicles and Smart Grids

An organization classified in the field of transportation and storage according to EC NACE 2 (2008) in Section H Division 49-53.

TC Energy

• The connection to "Application" would refer to "realized usage". A product has a creator. However, since technology and product are difficult to distinguish, technology and product will be seen as one class. Since organizations can also buy component parts, the product class has sub-classes containing components for fuel cells.

• An article that is manufactured or refined for sale. A distinction will be made between the different value chain positions of a product which can be sold and/or bought.

• Concerning the scope of focusing on fuel cells and more precisely on PEMFCs, the sub-class reconversion will be the most focused class. Transportation, Storage and Conversion subclasses would receive greater attention when shifting the ontology to other areas of the hydrogen value chain.

• A product that is manufactured or refined for sale which can be used to produce, transport, store or "burn"/reconvert hydrogen.

• The subclass "Conversion" can be expanded to focus the domain scope to the creation of hydrogen with respect to the value chain.

• The processing of materials into hydrogen.

• Since reconversion solely happenes for energy creation using fuel cells, "Reconversion" is contributed to fuel cell systems.

• The knowledge which deals with converting hydrogen to other elements. In case of hydrogen fuel cells, hydrogen is reconverted to H2O.

GR Yaris engine

A fuel cell which uses potassium hydroxide in water as the electrolyte for powering, using a variety of non-precious metals as a catalyst at the anode and cathode.

A PEMFC-like fuel cell technology which needs less precious metals as catalysts in order to trigger chemical reaction.

A fuel cell which uses phosporic acid as an electrolyte. It can be powered by hydrogen, natural gas, or biogas.

A fuel cell which uses a solid polymer as an electrolyte and porous carbon electrodes containing a platinum or platinum alloy catalyst. It only needs hydrogen, oxygen from the air, and water to operate.

• FCmoveTM

• FCwaveTM

• Caution, SOFCs must not be mixed up with SOEC's (Solid Oxide Electrolyser). SOFCs are fuel cells using hydrogen as a fuel to generate energy. SOEC's are used for hydrogen generation using the reversed process of an SOFC. For this ontology an SOEC would be a part of the conversion class. However, since conversion is out of scope, SOEC are not mentioned in a class structure under the subclass "Conversion".

• A fuel cell which uses a hard, non-porous ceramic compound as the electrolyte. It can reach temperatures up to 1000°C (1830°F). It can be powered by natural gas, coal gas, biogas or hydrogen.

• The subclass "Storage" could be expanded to focus the domain scope to the creation of hydrogen with respect to the value chain. Future expansions could categorize between storage technologies within tanks or using absorbing materials.

• The way that hydrogen can be stored for later usage.

• The subclass "Transport" could be expanded to focus the domain scope to the creation of hydrogen in respect to the value chain.

• The way that hydrogen can be transported from one place to another.

A part that, combined with other parts, makes up a hydrogen product.

• The subclass "Hydrogen Conversion Component" could be expanded to focus the domain scope to the transport of hydrogen with respect to the value chain.

• A basic component for products which convert compounds to hydrogen.

• Fuel Cell Component is directly alligned with sub-classes of 'Reconversion'.

• A basic component of hydrogen fuel cell systems.

A pressure regulating system for enhancing fuel cell improvement by increasing pressure of reactant gases.

The heart of a fuel cell responsible for energy generation.

The heart of the fuel cell and the place where the chemical reaction takes place. It consists of membrane, catalyst layers, and gas diffusion layers.

A layer of anodes and cathodes which are placed on opposite sites of the membrane. It is a three-dimensional porous structrure composed of catalyst particles and ionomer fragments.

A paper-like layer placed outside the catalyst layer which is responsible for transporting reactants into the catalyst layer by removing chemical reaction outcomes. In most cases, the Gas Diffusion Layer consists of a bilayer structure consisting of a macroporous diffusion medium and microporous layer.

A very thin membrane which conducts solely positively-charged ions and is able to block electrons. It serves as the electrolyte.

A component such as equipment, material, or metal which enables efficient energy generation.

A plate which provides electrical conduction between cells. Bipolar plates are used to separate cells within a fuel cell from each other and aim to provide physical strength to the stack of cells.

A part used for gas-tight sealing of the edges of the Membrane Electrode Assembly (MEA).

A converter which is necessary to convert fuel into a fuel cell-usable form.

An item which regulates a certain level of humidity within a fuel cell.

An electrical current regulator needed for managing power.

• The subclass "Hydrogen Storage Component" could be expanded to focus the domain scope to the creation of hydrogen with respect to the value chain.

• A basic component of products capable of storing hydrogen.

• The subclass "Hydrogen Transport Component" could be expanded to focus the domain scope to the transport of hydrogen with respect to the value chain.

• A basic component of products designed for transporting hydrogen.

• For the domain scope, Substitute Product currently only defines products which are substitutes for hydrogen fuel cells.

• The subclass "Substitute Product" could be expanded to focus the domain scope.

• A product that is manufactured or refined for sale which is using other resources than hydrogen to fulfill its purpose.

A collection of one or more cells which store electrical energy for powering electrical devices.

A battery which uses a chemical substance composed of zinc (Zn) and manganese dioxide (MnO2). The separator in alkaline batteries is made totally or at least partially of nonwoven materials.

A battery which uses lithium ions as a key component of its electrochemistry using liquid electrolyte solutions. It consists of two current collectors, a negative and positive electrode, and a separator containing electrolytes. The primary lithium battery uses carbon fluoride, (CF)n, as a cathode and lithium metal as an anode. The negative electrode consists of either metallic lithium or lithium compounds.

Tesla Powerwall

A battery which uses nickel oxide hydroxide for the cathode, metallic cadmium as its anode, and an aqueous alkali solution as its electrolyte.

A battery which uses nickel oxide for the cathode. The negative active material is hydrogen in form of a metal hydride. The electrolyte is aqueous potassium hydroxide with lithium hydroxide additive to improve the charging efficiency of the positive electrode by reducing oxygen evolution.

A battery which uses solid lithium as an electrolyte, not liquid.

• The subclass "FossilFuel" could be expanded to focus the domain scope to the creation of hydrogen concerning the value chain.

• A conventional energy production method using fossil fuels as fuel.

• The subclass "SubstituteFuelCell" could be expanded to focus the domain scope to the creation of hydrogen concerning the value chain.

• A fuel cell which uses different resources as its anode gas than hydrogen.

A fuel cell using ammonia as its fuel.

A fuel cell using ethanol as its fuel.

A fuel cell which is powered by pure methanol. It is usually mixed with water and fed directly to the fuel cell anode.

• EFYO 150

• EFYO 80

A high temperature fuel cell using natural gas or biogas for powering. The fuel cell itself is able to convert hydrogen in a process called internal reforming.

• The subclass "Substitute Product Component" could be expanded to focus on substitute products of hydrogen products.

• A part that, combined with other parts, makes a product which is a substitute to hydrogen products.

• The subclass "Battery Component" can be expanded to focus on batteries as substitutes for hydrogen products.

• A basic component for batteries.

• The subclass "Fossil Fuel Component" could be expanded to focus on the components of fossil fuel products classifying as substitutes for hydrogen products.

• A basic component for products using fossil fuels.

• The subclass "Substitute Fuel Cell Component" could be expanded to focus on substitute fuel cells.

• A basic component for substitute fuel cells.

• A project can be defined as a piece of planned work consisting of interrelated activities which intends to fulfill a particular purpose within a certain period of time. A project can fulfill several purposes such as in the area of research (research projects), projects dedicated to product development, infrastructure-related projects and more.

• An enterprise (potentially individual but typically collaborative), planned to achieve a particular aim.

A project classification defined during implementation that specifies essential project attributes and purpose.

A project focusing on a circular system of reusing resources which were previously used for something.

A project which is focused on the development, creation, maintenance, or enhancement of structures and systems needed for a country, city, or organization to function properly.

• PATH4ZERO

• Paving the way for Zero Emission Inland Navigation

• Power Edison Partnership

A project focused on the development of new products or the refinement of existing ones.

• The Schema.org defintion of Research Project is 'A Research Project'

• A scientific investigation, usually using scientific methods, to achieve defined objectives.

A project classification based on the level of progress of a project. It can be categorized according to the temporary stage such as planned, ongoing, or finished.

A project which has completed its intended purpose regardless of the level of success.

A currently-running project which has been started but is not marked as finished or completed.

A project which has not been realised or started but is expected to start in the future.

The intended end use of a hydrogen-based product or of the result of a hydrogen-related project.

An application related to the movement of people and/or goods.

An application related to the transport of people and/or goods by any form of aircraft or spacecraft.

A vehicle which can fly and carry goods or passengers. It has fixed wings and is powered by propellers or jets.

A321neo

A vehicle designed for use and travel in space.

An application related to sea transport of people and/or goods.

Any kind of a ship or any other vessel that transports heavy goods and materials from one port to another.

• Ceiba Ship

• Voilier Ceiba

A large ship like a hotel which people use for travel and pleasure.

A boat or ship for taking passengers and often vehicles across an area of water, especially as a regular service.

A ship that can travel underwater.

An application related to the transport of people and/or goods on land.

Ballard Powered Vehicle

A motorbike, motorcycle or scooter.

Honda Grazia Repsol Honda Team Edition

A large motorzed vehicle with seats for many people.

Xcelsior CHARGE

A road vehicle with an engine, four wheels, and seats for a small number of people.

• Toyota Corolla

• Toyota Mirai

• Toyota Yaris

A vehicle which is intended to be used in a mobile context within the material handling process of organizations or private persons.

A vehicle for roads made of railways using an engine and carriages to transport people and/or goods.

A train carrying mainly goods such as baggage, shipment or merchandise.

A train carrying mostly people.

• Trucks are categorized in this ontology by distance and not by categories such as size or transportation limit.

• A large road vehicle that is used for transporting large amounts of goods.

A large road vehicle which is used for long-distance transporation over 250 miles.

A small vehicle with an open part at the back in which goods can be carried.

A road vehicle which is small to large-sized and used for the transportation of goods within an area of 150 miles.

An application which is intended to be placed at one location without the possibility of physically being moved when used.

An application which generates heat for contributing to the heating of buildings or for use in industrial processes.

An application used to generate heat for industry usage, such as manufacturing processes where great heat is required, or to heat large areas such as warehouses.

An application used for heating a domestic house or residential area (multiple domestic houses).

An application which is used for industrial processing. Industrial processing involves the manufacturing of semi-finished or high-quality end products by means of physical, mechanical and/or chemical processes.

• Hydrogen is one of the key starting materials used in the chemical industry. It is a fundamental building block for the manufacturing of ammonia, fertilizers, and methanol, which is used in the manufacture of many polymers.

• An application of hydrogen in the chemical industry creating chemical products for numerous sectors such as pharmaceutical, agricultural or consumer goods usage.

An application of hydrogen in the refinery industry dedicated to process oil to create different types of oil and oil products.

An application of hydrogen or hydrogen products in the steel industry with respect to the processing of iron ore into certain types of steel.

An application which is used in the field of electricity production via power generating equipment or as fuel.

An area of land which can be classified for business or trade concerning a particular product or domain.

One of the seven large land masses on the earth's surface, surrounded, or mainly surrounded, by sea and usually consisting of various countries.

An area of land that has its own government, army, etc.

• Class defined to list certain market indicators of the hydrogen domain.

• Something, often a quanititative measure, which shows what a situation is like or how it is changing.

An obstacle individuals face when participating in a particular market.

The amount of money invested by an entity for something like a project, product or application.

The total number of buyers a company has for a certain product or in a certain segment compared to the total market size.

The total number of potential buyers of a product or service within a given market and the total revenue that these sales may generate.

The total number of patents attributed to a class individual.

The amount of money generated within a certain class in a certain period of time.

A general development or change of a situation in terms of behavior which can manifest itself in being discussed in forums, conferences or expos.

• Hydrogen Impact 2021 Conference

• Hydrogen Technology Expo Europe

• Hydrogen Transition Summit

• POWERGEN International

• The Automotive & Tire Industry Forum

• The COP 26 Climate Summit

• The China International Import Expo

• The LA Auto Show

• The World Climate Conference

• United Nations Conference on Climate Change

The number of persons working for an organization.